String Formatting Operator in Python 3
Python's coolest features is the string
format operator %. This operator is unique to strings and makes up for the pack of
having functions from C's printf() family.
Following is a simple example –
|
#!/usr/bin/python3
print
("My name is %s and weight is %d kg!" % ('Rama', 65))
|
And the output is –
|
My
name is Rama and weight is 65 kg!
|
Here is the list of complete set of symbols
which can be used along with %-
|
Format Symbol
|
conversion
|
|
%c
|
character
|
|
%s
|
String decimal integer
|
|
%d
|
Signed decimal integer
|
|
%u
|
Unsigned decimal integer
|
|
%o
|
Octal integer
|
|
%x
|
Hexadecimal integer (lower case letters)
|
|
%X
|
Hexadecimal integer (UPPER case letters)
|
|
%i
|
Signed decimal integer
|
|
%e
|
Exponential notation (with lowercase ‘e’)
|
|
%E
|
Exponential notation (with UPPER case
‘E’)
|
|
%f
|
Floating point real number
|
|
%g
|
The shorter of %f and %e
|
|
%G
|
The shorter of %f and %E
|
Other supported symbols and functionality
are listed in the following table-
|
Symbol
|
Functionality
|
|
*
|
Argument specifies width or precision
|
|
-
|
Left justification
|
|
+
|
Display the sign
|
|
<sp>
|
Leave a blank space before a positive
number
|
|
#
|
Add the octal leading zero (‘0’) or
hexadecimal leading ‘0x’ or ‘0X’,depending on whether ‘x’ or ‘X’ were used.
|
|
0
|
Pad from left with zeros (instead of
spaces)
|
|
%
|
‘%%’ leaves you with a single literal ‘%’
|
|
(var)
|
Mapping variable (dictionary arguments)
|
|
m.n.
|
m is the minimum total width and n is the
number of digits to display after the decimal point (if appl.)
|
