Artificial Intelligence (AI) is a way to make machines think and behave intelligently.These machines are controlled by intelligent software programs.
The first work in AI was done by Warren McCulloch and Walter Pitts (1943).They drew on three sources: Knowledge of the basic physiology and function of Neurons in the brain; a formal analysis of propositional logic due to Russell and Whitehead; and Turing's theory of computation.
Trying to understand how the biological brain works to design Artificial Intelligence, Warren McCullock and Walter Pitts published the first concept of a simplified brain cell, the so-called McCullock-Pitts (MCP) neuron, in 1943 (W.S.McCulloch and W.Pitts. A Logical Calculus of the Ideas Immanent in Nervous Activity).
Neurons are interconnected nerve cells in the brain that are involved in the processing and transmitting of chemical and electrical signals,it is shown in the following figure:
AI is concerned with the design of Intelligence in an Artificial device. The Term (AI) was coined by McCarthy in 1956.
There are two ideas in the definition.
1. Intelligence
2. Artificial device.
What is Intelligence?
--- (a). A system with intelligence is expected to behave as intelligently as a human.---(b).A system with intelligence is expected to behave in the best possible manner.
So, The Artificial Intelligence (AI) is about designing intelligent systems as humans.
Here is a video on Artificial Intelligence to understand it.
AI has a lot to do with intelligent software programs that control these machines. It is (AI) a science of finding theories and methodologies that can help machines understand the world and accordingly react to situations in the same way that humans do.
AI is closely related to the study of human brain.By mimicking the way the human brain learns,thinks,and acts,we can build a machine that can do the same.
The field of AI tries to understand patterns and behaviors of entities.
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